Archaebacteria
1. Which of the following bacteria thrive in extreme environmental conditions, such as high temperature and acidic pH, the absence of oxygen and high salt concentration?
(a) Eubacteria
(b) Cyanobacteria
(c) Archaebacteria
(d) All of the above
Answer: (c)
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2. Which of the following statement is true for archaebacteria?
(a) Archaebacteria are fossils
(b) Archaebacteria are halophiles
(c) Archaebacteria are photosynthetic
(d) Archaebacteria are old living entities
Answer: (d)
3. Some hyperthermophilic organisms that grow in highly acidic (pH2) habitats belong to the two groups called _______.
(a) Cyanobacteria and Diatoms
(b) Liverworts and Yeasts
(c) Protists and Mosses
(d) Eubacteria and Archaea
Answer: (d)
4. Which of the following bacterium is found in extreme saline conditions?
(a) Eubacteria
(b) Mycobacteria
(c) Archaebacteria
(d) Cyanobacteria
Answer: (c)
5. Most abundant prokaryotes helpful to humans in making curd from milk and in the production of antibiotics are the ones categorized as _______.
(a) Archaebacteria
(b) Cyanobacteria
(c) Heterotrophic bacteria
(d) Chemosynthetic autotrophs
Answer: (c)
6. Methanogens belong to_______.
(a) Eubacteria
(b) Dinoflagellates
(c) Slime moulds
(d) Archaebacteria
Answer: (d)
7. Which of the following features differs archaebacteria from eubacteria?
(a) Cell shape
(b) Mode of nutrition
(c) Mode of reproduction
(d) Cell membrane structure
Answer: (d)
8. Methanococcus, Thermococcus and Methanobacterium exemplify
(a) bacteria that contain a cytoskeleton and ribosomes
(b) bacteria whose DNA is relaxed or positively supercoiled but which have a
cytoskeleton as well as mitochondria
(c) archaebacteria that lack any histones resembling those found in eukaryotes but
whose DNA is negatively supercoiled
(d) archaebacteria that contain protein homologous to eukaryotic core histones
Answer: (c)
9. After the new classification of living organisms into three domains of life (bacteria, archaea and eukarya) which one of the following is true about archaea?
(a) Resembles eukarya in all respects
(b) Completely differ from prokaryotes
(c) Completely differ from both eukaryotes and prokaryotes
(d) Have some novel features that are absent in other eukaryotes and prokaryotes
Answer: (d)
10. Which of the following are likely to be present into the deep seawater?
(a) Eubacteria
(b) Archaebacteria
(c) Saprophytic fungi
(d) Blue-green algae
Answer: (b)
11. Methanogens belong to _____.
(a) Eukarya
(b) Archaea
(c) Viroids
(d) None of the above
Answer: (b)
12. Which of the following are found in extreme saline conditions?
(a) Halophiles
(b) Thermophiles
(c) Psychrophiles
(d) None of the above
Answer: (a)
Blood Groups
1. In the ABO system, blood group ‘O’ is characterized by the:
(a) presence of antigen O
(b) presence of both antigen A and antigen B
(c) absence of both antigen A and antigen B
(d) presence of antigen A and absence of antigen B
Answer: (c)
2. Antiserum is
(a) blood serum containing specific antibodies
(b) blood serum containing specific antigens
(c) blood serum containing a mixture of antigens and antibodies
(d) blood serum in which antigens and antibodies are both absent
Answer: (a)
3. A false positive result is best described as one that is given
(a) by a substance other than that being tested for
(b) when the substance being tested for is present in large amounts
(c) when substance being tested for is present in minute quantities
(d) when substance being tested for is absent
Answer: (a)
4. Which antibodies are found in the plasma of a person with type A blood?
(a) anti-A, but not anti B
(b) neither anti-A nor anti B
(c) both anti-A and anti B
(d) anti-B, but not anti-A
Answer: (d)
5. Under this circumstance, an antigen-antibody reaction will occur. A person with
(a) Type A blood is given type O blood
(b) Type AB blood is given type O blood
(c) Type O blood is given type A blood
(d) Type AB blood is given type B blood
Answer: (c)
6. When typing blood, a positive reaction
(a) shows which antigens are present
(b) shows clumping
(c) helps deduce which blood type the sample is
(d) all of the above
Answer: (d)
7. If a blood type ends in + (positive) that means
(a) your attitude is positive
(b) you are positive for an Rh protein
(c) you are positive you know your blood type
(d) + sign at the end is insignificant
Answer: (b)
8. In the context of the ABO blood group, a transfusion of AB blood may be given to a person who has blood type
(a) A
(b) O
(c) B
(d) AB
Answer: (d)
9. Human blood types in the ABO blood group are identified by
(a) clotting factors in plasma
(b) microscopic examination of white blood cells
(c) antigen-antibody reactions
(d) series of enzyme controlled reactions
Answer: (c)
10. Red blood cells that do not contain either A or B antigens on their surface are normally found in the person with blood type
(a) A
(b) O
(c) B
(d) AB
Answer: (b)
Plastids
1. All three types of plastids have evolved from _________.
(a) Leucoplast
(b) Chloroplast
(c) Pro-plastid
(d) Chromoplast
Answer: (c)
2. Which of the following species lack plastids?
(a) Fungi and animals
(b) Plants and animals
(c) Bacterium, animals and fungi
(d) None of the above
Answer: (c)
3. Which of the following is a common feature of plastids and mitochondria?
(a) Both have Double-stranded DNA
(b) Both contain 70s ribosomes
(c) Both are double membranous cell organelles
(d) All of the above.
Answer: (d)
4. Which of the following is not a colourless plastid?
(a) Amyloplast
(b) Elaioplast
(c) Rhodoplast
(d) Proteinoplast
Answer: (c)
5. Plastids are present in ______
(a) Euglenoides
(b) Plants
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) All protists
Answer: (c)
6. Which of the following cell organelle are found only in a plant cell?
(a) Plastids
(b) Mitochondria
(c) Golgi complex
(d) Ribosomes
Answer: (a)
7. Plastids are absent in ________.
(a) Fungi
(b) Bacteria
(c) Blue-green algae
(d) All of the above
Answer: (d)
8. Plant cells and animal cells differ from each other in having ________.
(a) Vacuole
(b) Centrosome
(c) Plastid
(d) Golgi body
Answer: (c)
9. Which of the following type of plastids helps in pollination?
(a) Leucoplasts
(b) Chloroplasts
(c) Chromoplasts
(d) All of the above
Answer: (c)
10. Fret channels are associated with _________
(a) Two lamellae of a granum
(b) Two grana of a chloroplast
(c) Two quantasomes
(d) Two plastids of a cell
Answer: (b)
Regeneration
1. Repetitive regeneration can be seen in
(a) Molluscs
(b) Tadpole
(c) Hydra
(d) None of these
Answer: (c)
2. The method of asexual reproduction that can be called as a mode of regeneration is
(a) fragmentation
(b) budding
(c) sporulation
(d) binary fission
Answer: (a)
3. Regeneration can be seen in which of the following
(a) Plasmodium
(b) Spongilla
(c) Earthworm
(d) Starfish
Answer: (d)
4. Which of the following organs can be regenerated in Echinodermata?
(a) Eyes
(b) Pedicellariae
(c) Arms and disc
(d)Digestive system
Answer: (c)
5. The damaged leg is not regenerated in______.
(a) Frog
(b) Crab
(c) Salamander
(d) Frog’s tadpole
Answer: (a)
6. The repair by cell division in the damaged tissue is called ______.
(a) Exponential growth
(b) Deaccelerating growth
(c) Epimorphosis regeneration
(d) Morphallaxis regeneration
Answer: (c)
7. Restorative regeneration is _______.
(a) Healing of wounds
(b) Formation of a new entity from a piece of the body of the parent
(c) A regular process in which the dead and worn-out cells of some organs are continuously replaced by new cells
(d) All of these
Answer: (c)
8. Ability to give rise to a new individual entity from body parts is
(a) Reproduction
(b) Fragmentation
(c) Regeneration
(d) Fission
Answer: (c)
9. Regeneration of a limb or tail is an example of
(a) Epimorphosis
(b) Autotomy
(c) Compensatory hypertrophy
(d) Morphallaxis
Answer: (a)
10. Epimorphosis is regeneration through
(a) The repatterning of existing cells as seen in hydra
(b) The reinitiation of division in existing cells, followed by patterning, as occurs in amphibians such as newts
(c) The repatterning of existing cells as seen in amphibians
(d) The reinitiation of embryonic growth from remaining cells as seen in Hydra
Answer: (b)
Apoplast
1. In plants, water movement is
(a) up the potential gradient in both symplast and apoplast
(b) down the potential gradient in apoplast and up the potential gradient in symplast
(c) down the potential gradient in both symplast and apoplast
(d) down a potential gradient in symplast and up the potential gradient in apoplast
Answer: (c)
2. Pick the incorrect statement regarding apoplast movement
(a) movement of water is through mass flow
(b) gradient-dependant
(c) mass flow of water takes place as a result of cohesive and adhesive properties of
water
(d) continuous water stream gets tension when water is absorbed by root hairs
Answer: (d)
3. In roots, most of the water flows through
(a) Symplast
(b) Apoplast
(c) Imbibition
(d) Active transport
Answer: (b)
4. Movement of water through apoplast stops at the level of ________ and crosses membrane to undergo symplast till xylem cells
(a) starch sheath
(b) inner layer of cortex
(c) endodermis
(d) all of the above
Answer: (d)
5. In plants, this about apoplast and symplast water movement is true
(a) being down a potential gradient
(b) an equal rate of transport
(c) conduction through interconnected protoplasts
(d) assistance by cytoplasmic streaming
Answer: (a)
6. Pressure in roots develops due to
(a) low osmotic soil potential
(b) rise in transpiration
(c) active absorption
(d) passive absorption
Answer: (c)
7. Which of the following statements does not hold true in context of apoplast?
(a) occurs through intercellular spaces and cell walls
(b) system of adjacent cell walls is continuous all through the plant
(c) crosses cell membrane
(d) discontinuous path at the place of casparian strips of endodermis in roots
Answer: (c)
8. This is not part of apoplast
(a) cell walls
(b) vessels
(c) intercellular spaces
(d) sieve tubes
Answer: (d)
9. Symplastic movement is slower than apoplastic movement because
(a) molecule has to enter through cell membrane
(b) it is down the gradient
(c) as it involves cytoplasmic streaming always
(d) all of the above
Answer: (a)
10. Most of the movement in roots through apoplast is due to
(a) endodermal cells are loosely packed and hence no resistance to water movement
(b) medullary cells are loosely packed and hence no resistance to water movement
(c) cortical cells are loosely packed and hence no resistance to water movement
(d) pericycle cells are loosely packed and hence no resistance to water movement
Answer: (c)
Auxin
1. Application of ________ can delay abscission of fruits and leaves at early stages
(a) gibberellic acid
(b) ethylene
(c) auxin
(d) cytokinin
2. Flowering can be induced in pineapple by application of
(a) Abscisic acid
(b) NAA, 2,4-D
(c) Phenylacetic acid
(d) Cytokinin
3. Find the incorrect match
(a) Abscisic acid - Stomatal closure
(b) IAA - Cell wall elongation
(c) Cytokinin - Cell division
(d) Gibberellic acid - Leaf abscission
4. Uneven distribution of _______ results in phototropic curvature
(a) phytochrome
(b) auxin
(c) gibberellin
(d) cytokinin
5. The Avena curvature test is an accurate bioassay for
(a) ABA
(b) GA3
(c) IAA
(d) Ethylene
6. Which one of these is commonly used synthetic auxin?
(a) NAA
(b) IAA
(c) IBA
(d) GA
7. Auxin is transported polarly. Mostly, auxin movement is
(a) acropetal
(b) basipetal
(c) centripetal
(d) both (a) and (c)
8. Removal of apical bud results in
(a) more axillary buds
(b) flowering ceases
(c) more lateral branches
(d) plant growth ceases
9. Commonly applied hormone in tea plantation is
(a) abscisic acid
(b) ethylene
(c) indole-3-acetic acid
(d) zeatin
10. Which of the following combination of hormones will promote differentiation of shoot as well as root in tissue culture?
(a) Gibberellin and abscisic acid
(b) Auxin and abscisic acid
(c) IAA and gibberellin
(d) Auxin and cytokinin
Answers
Amino Acids
1. Which among the following is not polymeric?
(a) Carbohydrates
(b) Nucleic acids
(c) Proteins
(d) Lipids
2. The simplest amino acid is
(a) Glycine
(b) Alanine
(c) Asparagine
(d) Tyrosine
3. Amino acids are mostly synthesised from
(a) fatty acids
(b) mineral salts
(c) 𝜶-ketoglutaric acid
(d) volatile acids
4. Amino acids with the aliphatic ‘R’ group are
(a) Glycine, alanine, leucine
(b) Serine, threonine, cysteine
(c) Lysine, arginine, histidine
(d) Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan
5. Which of the following amino acids is not necessary to be taken in the diet?
(a) histidine
(b) threonine
(c) serine
(d) lysine
6. An amino acid yielding acetyl CoA during catabolism is
(a) ketogenic
(b) glucogenic
(c) essential
(d) both glucogenic and ketogenic
7. The first amino acid of any polypeptide chain in eukaryotes is
(a) valine
(b) methionine
(c) glycine
(d) alanine
8. Amino acids with aromatic side chain are
(a) tryptophan, asparagine, tyrosine
(b) tryptophan, threonine, tyrosine
(c) phenylalanine, tryptophan, serine
(d) phenylalanine, tryptophan, tyrosine
9. The naturally occurring proteins consist of
(a) D-amino acids
(b) L-amino acids
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
10. Which of the following amino acids has to be supplemented in the diet?
(a) phenylalanine
(b) cysteine
(c) glutamine
(d) asparagine
Answers
Lichens
1. This is a crustose lichen
(a) Peltigera
(b) Usnea
(c) Rhizocarpon
(d) None of the above
Answer: (c)
2. Most of the scientists deem the algal-fungal relationship in lichens as helotism. Helotism is a
(a) master-master relationship
(b) master-slave relationship
(c) a kind of mutualism
(d) a kind of symbiotic association
Answer: (b)
3. Majorly, lichens are the pollution indicators of
(a) CO
(b) Mercury
(c) NO2
(d) SO2
Answer: (d)
4. The symbiotic association of algae and fungi is known as
(a) Mycorrhiza
(b) lichen
(c) Mycoplasma
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Answer: (b)
5. Vegetative reproduction in lichens takes place by
(a) isidia
(b) soredia
(c) fragmentation
(d) all of the above
Answer: (d)
6. In the studies on the atmospheric pollution, lichens are important as they
(a) can readily multiply in polluted atmosphere
(b) are very sensitive to pollutants
(c) efficiently purify the atmosphere
(d) can also be grown in greatly polluted atmosphere
Answer: (b)
7. This lichen is pioneer in xerosere
(a) fruticose lichen
(b) foliose lichen
(c) crustose lichen
(d) leprose lichen
Answer: (c)
8. A common phycobiont in lichens are
(a) Cetraria
(b) Microcystis
(c) Trebouxia
(d) Oedogonium
Answer: (c)
9. Reindeer moss is a lichen known as
(a) Usnea
(b) Rocella
(c) Cladonia
(d) Parmelia
Answer: (c)
10. This about lichens is incorrect
(a) Lichens are indicators of pollution
(b) They grow rapidly about 2cm every day
(c) Some species are eaten by reindeers
(d) They have symbiotic relationship between alga and fungus
Answer: (b)
Porifera
1. This about sponges is true
(a) one mouth, innumerable exits
(b) innumerable mouths, one exit
(c) large spacious stomach
(d) spicules are composed of chitin
Answer: (b)
2. _____________ is the name of the dried skeleton of ‘Venus flower basket’
(a) Euplectella
(b) Euspongia
(c) Leucosolenia
(d) Spongila
Answer: (a)
3. Members of phylum Porifera are
(a) Mostly freshwater animals but few are marine entities
(b) Mostly marine animals but few are freshwater entities
(c) Exclusively freshwater animal
(d) Exclusively marine animals
Answer: (b)
4. Animals lacking excretory, respiratory and circulatory structures are
(a) Sponges
(b) Tapeworms
(c) Liver fluke
(d) Threadworms
Answer: (a)
5. These are ‘multicellular grade’ entity
(a) Vertebrates
(b) Sponges
(c) Prokaryotes
(d) Coelenterates
Answer: (b)
6. The group of animals to which Sycon belongs can be best described as
(a) Multicellular having tissue organization, but not a body cavity
(b) Unicellular or acellular
(c) Multicellular with a gastrovascular cavity
(d) Multicellular without any tissue organization
Answer: (d)
7. Collared, flagellated cells that cover large parts of the inner chambers of sponges, helping water circulation to continue are
(a) Porocytes
(b) Choanocytes
(c) Amoebocytes
(d) Pinacocytes
Answer: (b)
8. This is a flagellated larva of Leucosolenia
(a) Maggot
(b) Kedia
(c) Planula
(d) Parenchymula
Answer: (d)
9. Poriferan evolution from protozoans is evidenced by animals such as
(a) Paramecium
(b) Euglena
(c) Chlamydomonas
(d) Proterospongia
Answer: (d)
10. The chamber common to all the types of the canal system of sponges is
(a) Excurrent canal
(b) Radial chamber
(c) Incurrent canal
(d) Paragastric cavity
Answer: (d)
Neurons Nerve Impulse
1. The Myelin sheath is derived from the
(a) Microglia
(b) Neuroglial cells
(c) Schwann cells
(d) Nerve cells
Answer: (c)
2. Nissl’s granules are found in
(a) Nerve cells
(b) WBC
(c) RBC
(d) Platelets
Answer: (a)
3. Which of these is a disease of the myelin sheath?
(a) Polio
(b) Leprosy
(c) Multiple sclerosis
(d) Alzheimer
Answer: (c)
4. This neurotransmitter is not a biogenic amine
(a) Serotonin
(b) Dopamine
(c) Norepinephrine
(d) Neuropeptides
Answer: (d)
5. A nerve impulse jumps from one __________ to another during saltatory conduction
(a) Synapse
(b) Axon
(c) Node of Ranvier
(d) Myelin sheath
Answer: (c)
6. ________ are the neurons carrying impulses away from the central nervous system
(a) Efferent nerves
(b) Afferent nerves
(c) Extensors
(d) Sensory nerves
Answer: (a)
7. This amongst the following is found in muscle cells and nerves
(a) membrane potential
(b) potassium equilibrium potential
(c) resting potential
(d) sodium equilibrium potential
Answer: (c)
8. Which of these has the highest permeability in a resting nerve cell?
(a) Cl-
(b) Na+
(c) K+
(d) I-
Answer: (c)
9. For the first time, research on nerve cells was carried out on this organism
(a) Grasshopper
(b) Drosophila melanogaster
(c) Octopus
(d) Giant squid
Answer: (d)
10. Neurotransmitters can inhibit or excite neurons. _________ for example, is inhibitory whereas __________ is excitatory
(a) GABA; glutamate
(b) Glutamate; GABA
(c) Serotonin; dopamine
(d) None of these
Answer: (a)
Coelenterata
1. Pick the most suitable terminology to designate life cycle of Obelia
(a) Metamorphosis
(b) Neoteny
(c) Metagenesis
(d) None of the above
Answer: (c)
2. This group is commonly known as ‘sea stick’
(a) Porifera
(b) Coelenterata
(c) Arthropoda
(d) Echinodermata
Answer: (b)
3. This does not belong to Phylum Coelenterata
(a) Sea cucumber
(b) Sea feather
(c) Sea pen
(d) Sea fan
Answer: (a)
4. A coelenterate that is commonly referred to as ‘fresh water polyp’ is
(a) Obelia
(b) Physalia
(c) Hydra
(d) Aurelia
Answer: (c)
5. This is a special character of coelenterata occurring only in them
(a) Flame cells
(b) Hermaphroditism
(c) Nematocysts
(d) Polymorphism
Answer: (c)
6. The characteristic larva in coelenterates is
(a) Oncosphere
(b) Rhabditiform
(c) Planula
(d) Cysticercus
Answer: (c)
7. Oxygen in coelenterates is supplied to different tissues by
(a) Plasma
(b) Diffuses through integuments
(c) Blood pigment
(d) Tracheal tubes
Answer: (b)
8. The class of coelenterata in which the medusa and polyp both are found in one animal is
(a) Anthozoa
(b) Hydrozoa
(c) Scyphozoa
(d) None of the above
Answer: (b)
9. This phylum shows the presence of nerve cells and absence of nerves
(a) Coelenterata
(b) Porifera
(c) Nemathelminthes
(d) Platyhelminthes
Answer: (a)
10. This is a characteristic feature of coelenterata
(a) Polyp
(b) Gastrovascular cavity
(c) All are marine
(d) Presence of tentacles around mouth
Answer: (b)
Famine
1. The condition wherein there is no enough food in a region to feed people is known as ______.
(a) Drought
(b) Famine
(c) Monsoon
(d) Thunderstorm
Answer: (b)
2. Which of the following are the result of the droughts, flooding, increased population and unequal distribution of food?
(a) Malaria
(b) Typhoid
(c) Famine
(d) Dengue fever
Answer: (c)
3. Which of the following is linked with the self-starvation in preventing type anorexia nervosa/binge-eating?
(a) Eating only certain food types
(b) Not being bothered about weight gain
(c) Not eating to help control weight gain
(d) Regularly engaging in purging activities to help control weight gain
Answer: (d)
4. What happens when a person goes hungry for a long period of time?
(a) They may be more prone to disease
(b) They may be stunted in height
(c) Affects brain functioning
(d) All of these
Answer: (d)
5. How many children in the middle and low-income areas can be affected by Vitamin A deficiency?
(a) 1/2
(b) 1/3
(c) 1/4
(d) 1/8
Answer: (b)
6. WFP stands for _______.
(a) World Food Program
(b) Wild Fire Protection
(c) Wild Fauna Protection
(d) Wild Food Program
Answer: (a)
7. Individuals with bulimia have a perceived lack of control over their eating pattern and are often reported to _________.
(a) Low self-esteem
(b) High levels of self-disgust
(c) High levels of depression
(d) All of the above
Answer: (d)
8. The lesions to which part of the brain in animal research have been shown to cause appetite loss leading to self-starvation syndrome
(a) Amygdala
(b) Cerebellum
(c) Basal ganglia
(d) lateral hypothalamus
Answer: (d)
9. The Body Mass Index(BMI) measure depicts that one can be considered as overweight with a BMI of:
(a) 45-59.9
(b) 25-29.9
(c) 20.9-30.9
(d) 55-69.9
Answer: (b)
10. In the event of starvation, after consumption of glycogen and fats, the next nutrient that is to be consumed is
(a) starch
(b) cellulose
(c) proteins
(d) adenosine triphosphate
Answer: (c)
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